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The Metropolitan Cathedral–Basilica of the Assumption of Our Lady of Valencia ((スペイン語:Iglesia Catedral-Basílica Metropolitana de la Asunción de Nuestra Señora de Valencia), ), alternatively known as Saint Mary's Cathedral or Valencia Cathedral, is a Roman Catholic parish church in Valencia, Spain. It was consecrated in 1238 by the first bishop of Valencia after the Reconquista, Pere d'Albalat, Archbishop of Tarragona, and was dedicated by order of James I the Conqueror to Saint Mary. It was built over the site of the former Visigothic cathedral, which under the Moors had been turned into a mosque. The Valencian Gothic is the predominant style of this cathedral, although it also contains Romanesque, French Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and Neo-Classical elements. One of the supposed Holy Chalices in the world is revered in one of this cathedral's chapels; this chalice has been defended as the true Holy Grail; indeed, most Christian historians all over the world declare that all their evidence points to this Valencian chalice as the most likely candidate for being the authentic cup used at the Last Supper.〔(The Holy Grail (Santo Caliz) in the Cathedral of Valencia, Spain ) from valenciavalencia.com〕 It was the official papal chalice for many popes, and has been used by many others, most recently by Pope Benedict XVI, on July 9, 2006.〔Glatz, Carol (July 10, 2006). ("At Mass in Valencia, pope uses what tradition says is Holy Grail" ). ''Catholic News''.〕 This chalice dates from the 1st century, and was given to the cathedral by king Alfonso V of Aragon in 1436. The cathedral contains numerous 15th-century paintings, some by local artists (such as Jacomart), others by artists from Rome engaged by the Valencian Pope Alexander VI who, when still a cardinal, made the request to elevate the Valencian See to the rank of metropolitan see, a category granted by Pope Innocent VIII in 1492. (詳細はGothic. However, its construction went on for centuries.〔In fact this is the origin of a typical Catalan saying in Valencia: "Això és més llarg que l’obra de la Seu” ("This is taking longer than building the cathedral") which refers to something that is never finished (Mira i Casterà, Joan Francesc, pp. 28).〕 As a consequence there is a mixture of artistic styles, ranging from the early Romanesque, Valencian Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical. Excavations in the adjacent ''Almoina'' Archaeological Centre have unearthed the remains of the ancient Visigothic cathedral, which later became a mosque.〔(Simó, Trinidad and Sebastià, Anna, pp. 214) .〕 There is documentary evidence that some decades after the Christian conquest of the city (1238), the mosque-cathedral remained standing, even with the Koranic inscriptions on the walls, until 22 June 1262, when the then bishop, Andreu d'Albalat 〔brother of Pere d'Albalat, the first bishop of Valencia and archbishop of Tarragona. Andreu was bishop from 1248 to 1276. Possession of this diocese was desired by both the Archbishop of Toledo and the Archbishop of Tarragona, who eventually took control of it thanks to the support of James I of Aragon, who wanted to preserve their kingdoms' independence from Castilian interference (Furió, Antoni, pp. 62).〕 resolved to knock it down and build a new cathedral in its place, according to the plans of the architect Arnau Vidal.〔Simó, Trinidad and Sebastià, Anna, pp. 214. Hypothetically, the ancient Muslim mosque would correspond with the current transept of the cathedral, the Apostles' gate would be the entrance to the mosque and the Almoina gate the mihrab http://www.jdiezarnal.com/valenciacatedral.html.〕 Stones from neighboring quarries in Burjassot and Godella were used to build the cathedral, but also from other more distant quarries such as those in Benidorm and Xàbia, which came by boat. Some reasons for the simplicity and sobriety of Valencia Cathedral are that it was built quickly to mark the Christian territory against the Muslims, and that it was not a work by a king, but by the local bourgeoisie.〔Guarner Sanchis, Manuel, pp. 96-98.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Valencia Cathedral」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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